ABSTRACT
Children's engagement with the internet has exploded. From education to social media, companies have offered products and services that-far from being mere distractions for children-have increasingly become necessities. These necessities are most keenly felt in the EdTech world. As companies in the United States rely on the verifiable parental consent required by the Children 's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) to collect and use minors' data, reviewing boilerplate waivers of liability and consent forms for children's online activities has thus become part of parenting. This piece argues that under the common law tradition of protecting the best interests of the child, when it comes to protecting children's digital privacy, relying solely on parental consent is insufficient and ill-suited. This work compares parental consent forms for children's online activities to parental waivers for tort liability for physical injuries suffered by children. In the latter, courts have not reached a consensus on whether such contracts are enforceable or altogether void. However, most courts have struck down such waivers as against public policy in commercial settings. By relying on courts ' decisions regarding the role of parents in protecting the best interests of the child when faced with a child's physical injury, this piece argues that public policy should have to force to override parental consent as it pertains to the protection of a minor's digital privacy and their use of EdTech tools. It thus encourages lawmakers at the federal and state levels to move away from a parental consent apparatus and instead put forward new measures for the protection of children's digital privacy. It further illustrates that, despite COPPA, common law privacy torts are not fully preempted. Adopting the approach proposed in this work will also motivate companies to be more vigilant towards handling minors' data to avoid potential lawsuits. It will further encourage a market for competition between socially responsible companies that would prioritize children's privacy over an endless list of corporate interests.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic has induced a transformation in the way hospitals function, causing a decrease in the time and efforts dedicated to surgical activity, which in turn has caused delays in the surgery schedule of most hospitals. This represents a major public health problem, significantly compromising the principle of equity that inspires public health systems throughout the world. To address this problem, it would be of the utmost importance to put in place initiatives to measure and improve surgical efficiency. Objective: evaluate indicators of efficiency in the use of operating rooms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: a descriptive, longitudinal retrospective study was conducted on 3554 patients scheduled for surgery during a one-year period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Indicators of efficiency in they use of operating rooms were measured. The data was processed using SPSS v-25.0. Results: a total of 3,554 surgeries were scheduled, 1,309 of them emergency surgeries, 1,979 elective surgeries, and 266 deferred surgeries. The following parameters were estimated: Starting time of the procedure (42.32 ± 37.04 min);opportunity for emergency surgeries (104.69 ± 102.55 min);starting time of anesthesia (10.11 ± 9.85 min);starting time of surgery (40.03 ± 24.68 min);time of admission to post-anesthesia care unit/intensive care unit (PACU/ICU) (15.35 ± 29.94 min);turnover or replacement time (177.97 ± 174.33 min);active surgery time (27.70%). Conclusions: the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the indicators of efficient use of operating rooms, posing new challenges for the management and organization of surgical work. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Introducción: la pandemia por COVID-19 ha emplazado una transformación hospitalaria, esto acarreó un decremento de la actividad quirúrgica e implicó un aplazamiento en la programación, lo que representó un problema, ya que comprometió sensiblemente el principio de equidad que inspira a los sistemas sanitarios. Así, resultó imperativa la implementación de iniciativas para medir y mejorar la eficiencia quirúrgica. Objetivo: medir los indicadores de uso eficiente del quirófano durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Material y métodos: se realizó un análisis descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo en 3,554 pacientes programados para cirugía, durante la pandemia en un período de un año, además se midieron los indicadores de uso eficiente del quirófano. Los datos fueron procesados en SPSS v-25.0. Resultados: se programaron 3,554 cirugías, 1,309 urgencias, 1,979 electivas, 266 diferidas. Se estimó un tiempo de inicio del procedimiento 42.32 ± 37.04 min, oportunidad para urgencias quirúrgicas 104.69 ± 102.55 min, tiempo de inicio de anestesia 10.11 ± 9.85 min, tiempo de inicio de cirugía 40.03 ± 24.68 min, tiempo para la admisión en la unidad de cuidados postanestésicos/unidad de terapia intensiva (UCPA/UTI) 15.35 ± 29.94 min, tiempo de rotación o recambio 177.97 ± 174.33 min y tiempo quirúrgico activo 27.70%. Conclusiones: la pandemia por COVID-19 impactó negativamente en los indicadores de uso eficiente del quirófano, lo que implicará nuevos retos en la gestión y organización de la jornada quirúrgica para su mejora. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia is the property of Colegio Mexicano de Anestesiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To estimate the reclassification of COVID-19 related ICD-10 codes from admission to discharge using Real-World Data (RWD) from the 2020 Mexican Ministry of Health (MoH) hospitals discharge dataset. Method(s): In this retrospective study, we analyzed all COVID-19 related discharges in the 2020 MoH open database, according to ten ICD-10 codes that the WHO associated with COVID-19. Reclassification was defined as those COVID-19 related cases who were discharged with a different ICD-10 code compared to their ICD-10 admission code. Result(s): From a total of 1,937,360 discharges reported in the MoH's 2020 database 63,740 (3.3%), mostly men (60.8%), with a median age of 56 years, were discharged with a COVID-19 related ICD-10 code and 12,945 of these were reclassified (20.3%). Although "2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease" (U071) had the greatest frequency of reclassified discharges (12,013, 22.3%), the "other coronavirus as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere" (B972) was associated with the greatest reclassification proportion (68, 74.7%) followed by "pneumonia case confirmed as due to COVID-19" (J128) (26.0%). Codes with lower percentages were "acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19" (J80X) and "acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19" (J960) with 6.3% and 3.8%, respectively. From 63,740 discharges, 50.7% were due to clinical improvement, followed by death (38.2%), transfer to another unit (5.2%) and voluntary discharge (3.3%). The J960 code had the highest mortality (67%) followed by codes J80X (59.7%) and U071 (35.5%). Conclusion(s): In our RWD analysis, we identified that 1 in 5 COVID-19 discharges were admitted with different diagnoses, highlighting the enormous challenges faced by the Mexican MoH during the global health crisis to establish an accurate COVID-19 diagnosis and coding. Given that this is the first reclassification analysis in Mexico, the conduction of future studies is essential to gain more insights on the consequences of reclassification at a health system level.Copyright © 2023
ABSTRACT
Based on a participatory study design, this article describes how a group of family members of people deprived of liberty (PDL) experienced the COVID-19 control measures implemented in Mexico's prisons. We conducted 28 in-depth interviews and analyzed them using ATLAS.ti. We found that the measures implemented in Mexican prisons to avoid the spread of COVID-19 focused mainly on suspension of visitation and PDL confinement. The isolation imposed on PDL impacted their living conditions, making them more vulnerable to contracting COVID-19 due to lack of access to essential services, food, and hygiene supplies. Visit restrictions and PDL isolation also impacted PDL relatives' health and socioeconomic conditions. Our findings indicate that the consequences of COVID-19 control actions in Mexican prisons differ according to the gender and jurisdiction of PDL. Women in federal prisons were more isolated, while those in local ones were more deprived of basic supplies. Imprisoned women's isolation has especially severe effects on the mental and physical health of their elderly parents and children. The results show how the measures adopted to control COVID-19 outbreaks in Mexican prisons have exacerbated the preexisting systemic violence experienced by PDL and their families and how they have failed to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in these settings. These findings provide support for the health-informed penal reform of Mexican prisons.
ABSTRACT
Our research is both a description and an analysis of how management staff and professors at a small Mexican university faced the pandemic. Asking questions to understand their reactions in dealing with COVID-19, we covered issues such as the economy, students, psychology, bureaucratic processes, mastery of teaching platforms, and so forth. Among other aspects, our findings show them to be digitally literate persons with abilities and capabilities to use the most popular platforms: Moodle, Meet, YouTube, WhatsApp, electronic mail, and Google Classroom. The hardest situation was lived by colleagues with kids, among them one man whose wife worked in a hospital, and he oversaw the house most of the time. Their burden got heavier: cooking, cleaning, children's homework, and so on. They expect that positive things out of the experience, like spending less time at the office, would continue. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.
ABSTRACT
This dissertation is composed of three chapters. While the chapters pertain to very different contexts, an overarching theme is the analysis of human behavior in response to policies that are inherently economic.The first chapter is the product of joint work with Justin Holz and Rafael Jimenez Duran. It studies repugnance towards price gouging. Emergencies like natural disasters or pandemics trigger sharp price increases for essential products. Anti-price gouging laws are ubiquitous and people take costly actions to report violators to law-enforcement agencies, which suggests that they value punishing sellers that spike prices in these situations. This chapter uses a field experiment to understand individuals' willingness to report sellers who increase the price of personal protective equipment at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue that reporting decisions contain information about repugnance to price gouging and find that willingness to pay to report is non-trivial and heterogeneous. We also find evidence that repugnance is partly due to distaste for seller profits, depending on the product. These results suggest that regulation discussions would benefit from incorporating repugnance into welfare and from addressing products separately.The second chapter focuses in the use of temporary driving restrictions as a tool for air quality management in Mexico City. Road congestion is understood to be a major source of urban air pollution and is also associated with other large non-health-related costs. Millions of people live in cities in which the number of cars on the road is controlled by allowing or prohibiting the use of a car on a given day depending on its license plate number. The empirical evidence available suggests little benefit from these programs;the policy increases the marginal cost of using the road for some users while decreasing it for others and incentivizes the acquisition of extra vehicles. This chapter studies the effect of temporary increases in the stringency of the restrictions as an add-on policy intended to alleviate extreme pollution events. The increased restrictions are triggered by Ozone levels surpassing a pre-specified threshold. This, coupled with the fact that said threshold was modified several times between 2005 and 2018, allows us to identify the effect of the policy. We document a sizable increase in the average speed of cars in the city during restricted days. This suggests the policy does alleviate congestion. We also observe a reduction on Carbon Monoxide and Ozone concentration, but these results are not robust to changes in the specification's functional form. While we cannot explicitly quantify welfare effects, the minor improvements are unlikely to compensate the major disruption in the commuter network without serious investment in public transit alternatives.The third chapter, co-authored with Enrique Seira and Alan Elizondo, investigates the role of information disclosure on financial markets as tool for consumer protection. We implement a randomized control trial in the Mexican credit card market for a large population of indebted cardholders and measure the impact of disclosures of interest rate and time required to pay outstanding debt on default, indebtedness, account closings, and credit scores;these disclosures are required by law in the United States. We also test the effect debiasing warning messages and social comparison information has on the same outcomes. We find that providing salient interest rate disclosures had no effects, while comparisons and debiasing messages had only modest and short-lived effects at best. We conduct extensive external validity exercises in several banks, with different disclosures, and with actual policy mandates. We conclude the null result is robust. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated and, somehow, forced the process of digital transformation within the higher education sector. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online modes of course delivery have become the only available way of teaching in almost all parts of the world. We conducted a study in Mexico to know about students' preferences for these forced online class schedules, exams and assignments, and online teaching styles during this health crisis. Furthermore, this research sought to know about the impact of this forced digitalization on students' mental health and happiness. To conduct a conjoint analysis, we collected survey-based data from 219 undergraduate Mexican students. The most preferred attributes for students for online classes were "having a short online class (50 min)", "possibility to have 70% pre-exam assignments and 30% final exam", and "having a humorous professor in online classes". In terms of students' mental health, the prevalence of "moderate" anxiety and depression was 21.8%, and the prevalence of "severe" anxiety and depression was 14.9%. In terms of happiness, male students and students with shorter online classes per day felt a higher level of happiness.
ABSTRACT
BackgroundPatients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IRD) have poorer outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to the general population.ObjectivesTo assess and compare clinical course, severity and complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with rheumatic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) from Mexico and Argentina.MethodsData from both national registries, CMR-COVID (Mexico) and SAR-COVID (Argentina), were combined. Briefly, adult IRD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited between 08.2020 and 09.2022 in SAR-COVID and between 04.2020 and 06.2022 in CMR-COVID. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, and DMARDs were recorded, as well as clinical characteristics, complications, and treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Descriptive analysis. Chi square, Fisher, Student T, Mann Whitney U tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsA total of 3709 patients were included, 1167 (31.5%) from the CMR-COVID registry and 2542 (68.5%) from the SAR-COVID registry. The majority (82.3%) were women, with a mean age of 50.4 years (SD 14.4). The most frequent IRD were rheumatoid arthritis (47.5%) and systemic lupus erythematosus (18.9%). Mexican patients were significantly older, had a higher female predominance and had higher prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, antiphospholipid syndrome, and axial spondyloarthritis, while the Argentine patients had more frequently psoriatic arthritis and ANCA-associated vasculitis. In both cohorts, approximately 80% were in remission or low disease activity at the time of infection. Mexicans took glucocorticoids (43% vs 37%, p<0.001) and rituximab (6% vs 3%, p<0.001) more frequently. They also reported more comorbidities (48% vs 43%, p=0.012).More than 90% of patients presented symptoms related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The frequency of hospitalization was comparable between the groups (23.4%), however, the Mexicans had more severe disease (Figure 1) and a higher mortality rate (9.4% vs 4.0%, p<0.0001). After adjusting for risk factors, Mexicans were more likely to die due to COVID-19 (OR 2.2, 95%CI 1.5-3.1).ConclusionIn this cohort of patients with IRD from Mexico and Argentina with SARS-CoV-2 infection, the majority presented symptoms, a quarter were hospitalized and 6% died due to COVID-19. Mexicans presented more severe disease, and after considering risk factors they were two times more likely to die.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsCarolina Ayelen Isnardi Grant/research support from: SAR-COVID is a multi- sponsor registry, where Pfizer, Abbvie, and Elea Phoenix provided unrestricted grants. None of them participated or infuenced the development of the project, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or writing the report. They do not have access to the information collected in the database, Deshire Alpizar-Rodriguez: None declared, Marco Ulises Martínez-Martínez: None declared, Rosana Quintana: None declared, Ingrid Eleonora Petkovic: None declared, Sofia Ornella: None declared, Vanessa Viviana Castro Coello: None declared, Edson Velozo: None declared, David Zelaya: None declared, María Severina: None declared, Adriana Karina Cogo: None declared, Romina Nieto: None declared, Dora Aida Pereira: None declared, Iris Jazmin Colunga-Pedraza: None declared, Fedra Irazoque-Palazuelos: None declared, GRETA CRISTINA REYES CORDERO: None declared, Tatiana Sofía Rodriguez-Reyne: None declared, JOSE ANTONIO VELOZ ARANDA: None declared, Cassandra Michele Skinner Taylor: None declared, INGRID MARIBEL JUAREZ MORA: None declared, Beatriz Elena Zazueta Montiel: None declared, Atzintli Martínez: None declared, Cesar Francisco Pacheco Tena: None declared, Guillermo Pons-Estel: None declared.
ABSTRACT
The objective was to determine the prevalence of household food insecurity (FI) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary analysis was performed using the waves 1 to 3 of the 2020 COVID-19 High Frequency Phone Surveys in 13 LAC countries. The countries with the highest FI in the first wave were Honduras (60.3%), Peru (58.1%) and Ecuador (57.9%). Likewise, the countries with the greatest differences in the prevalence of FI between the first and last waves in percentage points (PP) were Peru (-29), Guatemala (-27.7) and Bolivia (-21.8). LAC countries face a great burden of FI.Copyright © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
ABSTRACT
The loss of habitat and biodiversity, together with global climate change due to human activities, has a negative effect on the composition and structure of important animal communities, with parasites being among the most impacted. This has severe consequences for the functioning of ecosystems and human health, as has become abundantly clear during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Parasites are relevant for the biodiversity of ecosystems, but they have not been given the necessary recognition in the vast majority of current ecological studies. It is estimated that a comprehensive study of parasites could increase the species richness of the communities at a global level by more than 50% in relation to current data. For many parasites to exist, the environmental conditions and the specific intermediate and definitive hosts must be present to complete their life cycles. Because of these close, obligate interactions, they can be considered as sentinel species of ecosystem health, reflecting on the presence and diversity of multiple species of their intermediate and definitive hosts. Mexico has a long history of parasitological studies but has only been able to cover 20% of the vertebrate species registered for the country. This lack of information creates a serious limitation on the development of future preventive strategies to deal with possible zoonoses, mainly in the transition zones between natural rural-urban environments. As a megadiverse country, what can we find out there regarding Mexico's parasites?. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.
ABSTRACT
While the substantial majority of clinical trials still take place in countries classified by the World Bank as high income, a review of clinical trial registrations on the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and clinicaltrials.gov shows that a significant and growing number are being conducted in LMICs, with major centers in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Brazil, China, India, and South Africa. COVID-19 will likely have a longlasting effect on global supply chains.11 The U.S. and more than 50 other countries are restricting or considering restrictions on exports of supplies that are needed to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 locally.12 Internationally, the World Trade Organization and the World Customs Organization issued a joint statement noting the disruptive impact of the virus on global supply chains and pledged to cooperate to facilitate trade in essential goods.13 LMICs are struggling to obtain limited hospital supplies in the global market in competition with the U.S., the European Union, Japan, and similar high-income buyers, as recent reporting about the COVID-19 outbreak in Nigeria shows.14 Clinical trial sites in LMICs that cannot obtain needed supplies in-country could obtain them from a study sponsor, assuming the products can be legally imported and shipments to that country are not cost-prohibitive in light of global freight and logistic disruptions. [...]informed consent forms and study institutional review board (IRB) and independent ethics committee (IEC) approvals may need to be revisited in light of local conditions. Clint D. Hermes is an attorney at Bass, Berry & Sims References 1. https://main.icmr.nic.in/sites/default/files/guidelines/EC_Guidance_ COVID19_06_05_2020.pdf 2. http://www.sahpra.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/SAHPRACommunication_COVID_19-Final-25032020.pdf 3. https://pharmacyboardkenya.org/files/?file=Clinical_Trials_During_ COVID-19_Pandemic.pdf 4. http://portal.anvisa.gov.br/documents/219201/4340788/SEI_ ANVISA+-+0989653+-+Nota+Técnica14.pdf/6b48273f-550f-47618ba1-4e731a87b526 5. https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/articulos/medidas-extraordinarias-enrelacion-a-estudios-clinicos-ante-la-pandemia-de-covid-19 6. https://ensayosclinicos-repec.ins.gob.pe/images/Nueva_actualización_12.12.19/Actualización_2020/Comunicado_N_002-2020.pdf 7. https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/imf-and-covid19/Policy-Responsesto-COVID-19 8. https://www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/research/research-projects/coronavirusgovernment-response-tracker 9. https://covidtracker.bsg.ox.ac.uk/stringency-map 10.https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/immunitypassports-in-the-context-of-covid-19 11. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/supply-chains-leadership-business-economics-trade-coronavirus-covid19/ 12. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/03/covid-19-coronaviruslessons-past-supply-chain-disruptions/ 13.http://www.wcoomd.org/en/media/newsroom/2020/april/wco-wtojoint-statement-on-covid-19-related-trade-measures.aspx 14.https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/17/world/africa/coronaviruskano-nigeria-hotspot.html 15. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/amB7fBxLw8KSR9DcUsbTWg
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 crisis has had a significant impact on the mental health of adolescents and young adults in South America. As a result, the appearance of a higher incidence of anxiety and depressive disorders in these countries have been documented and could lead to the appearance of severe mental health disorders. In this context, the prevention and early intervention in mental health is a current challenge in Central and South America. Since the last decade, the existence of initiatives in this field has been mapped in Mexico, Brazil, Chile and Argentina, mostly in first episode psychosis programs. However, Chile is the only country in South America with a multicentre prospective initiative for early detection and intervention in clinical high-risk subjects (called RED-EMAR). The aim of RED-EMAR is disseminate the value of the at-risk mental state concept (abbreviated to EMAR in Spanish), establish agreed therapeutic strategies in this field, and establish potential new evidence-based local interventions. The successful experiences of this network include the monitoring and discussion of clinical cases in telemedicine and the development of mental health psychoeducation guidelines. However, Insufficient resources, stigma, and the lack of mental health public policies are some of the weaknesses of this initiatives in South America. The development and access to early detection and intervention services in South America could be a window of opportunity to reduce the impact of severe mental health disorders such as psychosis and related disorders and move towards an approach aimed at prevention or delaying its onset.
ABSTRACT
The U.S. border security apparatus is moving around the globe as climate change, the coronavirus pandemic and corporatization create political and economic chaos. Global north governments seek to keep out migrants and refugees from the global south while corporations in the global north want protection to maintain their wealth. U.S. government bureaucratic agencies such as Custom and Border Protection's Border Patrol Tactical Unit are sent abroad to expand U.S. influence in an empire of borders to train receptive government security and border forces and to regulate, detain and prevent migrants and refugees well beyond the U.S. border. Governments are waging war against the people, creating a "securocracy" comprised of profit seeking military arms corporations and allied government agents to quell resistance and border crossers. Examined are the effects and impacts of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security on global border securocracy beginning with an analysis of the Mexico-U.S. border, moving to international borders in Latin America and beyond. The theoretical concept of border securocracy is expanded from the securocracy literature in the context of the north versus south globalization conflict. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Administrative Theory & Praxis (Taylor & Francis Ltd) is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
The health conditions generated by the COVID-19 pandemic severely restricted in-person therapy, and as a result online therapy was put into practice. The objective of this study was to describe and analyse, from the perspective of the therapist, how the pandemic has influenced their experience and clinical practice. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 24 Latin American therapists who had performed online therapy during the pandemic. The information was analysed following the coding procedures of the Grounded Theory. Three core categories were constructed from the analysis: (a) impact on the therapist: spiral of uncertainty, oppression and adaptive astonishment;(b) incorporation of technologies into clinical practice: 'I never thought they could help';and (c) transformation of the practice of psychotherapy: 'water always finds its way'. The model incorporates and relates therapists' perceptions of their professional work, patients' attitudes towards this new psychotherapy method, perception of the therapeutic relationship and process, and the facilitators and obstacles experienced in online therapy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Spanish) Las condiciones de salud generadas por la pandemia por COVID-19 restringieron severamente la terapia presencial, y se puso en practica la no presencial. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir y analizar desde la perspectiva del terapeuta, como la pandemia ha influido en su experiencia y en su practica clinica. Se realizaron entrevistas cualitativas a 24 terapeutas latinoamericanos que habian realizado terapia no presencial durante la pandemia. La informacion fue analizada siguiendo los procedimientos de codificacion de la Teoria Fundamentada. A partir del analisis se construyeron tres categorias axiales a) Impacto en el terapeuta: Espiral de incertidumbre, agobio y asombro adaptativo;b) Incorporacion de las tecnologias a la practica clinica: 'nunca pense que podia servir';y c) Transformacion del ejercicio de la psicoterapia: 'el agua siempre encuentra su camino'. El modelo incorpora y relaciona: las percepciones de los terapeutas sobre su trabajo profesional, las actitudes de los pacientes hacia esta nueva modalidad de psicoterapia, la percepcion de la relacion y el proceso terapeuticos, asi como los facilitadores y obstaculos experimentados en la terapia no presencial. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
The National Public Health Institutes (NPHI), members of the Latin American Regional Network of the International Association of National Institutes of Public Health, met face to face at the headquarters of the National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, in the City of Cuernavaca, from October 5 to 7, 2022, with the participation of the directors or their representatives of the NPHIs of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Mexico, Peru and Suriname and representatives of the South American Sub regional Program (SAM), and the Central American Sub regional Program (CAM) of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the Organization of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty (OTCA), the Andean Health Agency/Hipolito Unanue Agreement (ORAS/CONHU) and the Central American Integration System (SICA/COMISCA), analyzing the role of the NPHI in combating health inequities;in confronting the global climate and environmental crisis;combating hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition;successes and challenges in responding to the Covid-19 pandemic;strengthening and continuous improvement of integrated disease surveillance and preparedness for health emergencies;as well as the various existing regional and sub-regional health cooperation programs, noticing that: 1. In the current scenario, the dominating development model is a generator of growing social inequalities, which determine serious inequities in the health conditions of our peoples. 2. Likewise, the current model of production and consumption, adopted at the global level, has increased hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition that possibly constitute nowadays the main health problem in our region. 3. The environmental crisis, which is also a product of the current global development model, has a significant impact on human and animal health and the interaction between both. 4. The NPHIs have played a role of major relevance in confronting the Covid-19 pandemic, not fully applying, however, their full potential for research and for proposing national plans for the disease control. 5. Health surveillance systems, in most of our countries, suffer from significant fragmentation between various sectors and within the health sector itself, implying, in any case, reactive actions that do not allow for anticipating the emergence of new pathologies or health emergencies. 6. The various regional and sub regional cooperation agencies and programs offer an enormous capacity for synergies and mutual cooperation.
ABSTRACT
Background: The new novel Coronavirus 2019 (nCOV-19 or COVID-19) has caused an unprecedented pandemic in humans. All nations have heightened their surveillances after the quick diagnosis of potential cases of the COVID-19. Objective(s): Recent statistics have mentioned that virus outbreak in tropical countries is relatively low compared to cold nations. To support this conclusion, we considered the six main tropical regions to investigate the pandemic distribution at the initial phase. Method(s): Chi-square test was applied to understand the correlation between outbreak and temperature changes. Significant probability P-value was set to P<0.01. P-values were calculated to both positive and death cases. Result(s): Out of 1211562 infected cases, 41776 cases (3.45%) were registered at hightemperature countries (P<0.0001) and 1161786 cases (96.55%) at other countries like European countries or the USA. Moreover, only 1433 mortality cases (2.2%) happened, and the remaining 97.8% of mortality happened among other nations. Conclusion(s): Similar to other respiratory viruses like flu and influenza, there is a low outbreak of COVID-19 in tropical nations compared to the other countries. Apart from weather conditions, it is also recommended to follow the serious preventive measures imposed by governments to survive this novel epidemic.Copyright © 2020
ABSTRACT
In this paper, we examine transborder commuters' experiences (i.e. individuals who commute between U.S. and Mexican border cities frequently) during the Covid-19 pandemic, with keen attention to the links between racial capitalism and temporality. We address two interrelated issues: first, we unpack how the United States framed the pandemic through the metaphor of war and the production of the categories of 'essential work(er)' and 'essential travel' to ensure racial capitalism's surplus labor and continuation. These categories function like a double-edged sword, tying racialized populations to racial capitalism's temporality to exploit them while excluding privileged others. We argue that Covid-19's temporality conflicts with racial capitalism's temporality. While the former relies on the deceleration of everyday life, the latter depends on constant acceleration driven by profit-seeking. Using queer and feminist theoretical lenses, we then demonstrate how U.S. Covid-19 border restrictions at land ports of entry exacerbated transborder commuters' cross-border travels and privileged some based on legal status. As a result, they used public Facebook groups to navigate and comprehend new commuting conditions, disidentifying with the United States' official pandemic framing and producing their own. This shared experience catalyzed 'digital transborder kinships' or temporally-bound socialities rooted in relational care, advocacy, and knowledge production. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Mobilities is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
In today's educational world, it is crucial for language teachers to continuously evolve in order to best serve language learners. Further study on the best practices and challenges in the language classroom is crucial to ensure instructors continue to grow as educators. The "Handbook of Research on Language Teacher Identity" addresses new developments in the field of language education affected by evolving learning environments and the shift from traditional teaching and assessment practices to the digital-age teaching, learning, and assessment. Ideal for industry professionals, administrators, researchers, academicians, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students, this book aims to raise awareness regarding reflective practice and continuous professional development of educators, collaborative teaching and learning, innovative ways to foster critical (digital) literacy, student-centered instruction and assessment, development of authentic teaching materials and engaging classroom activities, teaching and assessment tools and strategies, cultivation of digital citizenship, and inclusive learning environments.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (MIS-C), a novel hyperinflammatory condition secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is associated with severe outcomes such as coronary artery aneurysm and death. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study including eight centers in Mexico, aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with MIS-C. Patient data were evaluated using latent class analysis (LCA) to categorize patients into three phenotypes: toxic shock syndrome-like (TSSL)-MIS-C, Kawasaki disease-like (KDL)-MIS-C, and nonspecific MIS-C (NS-MIS-C). Risk factors for adverse outcomes were estimated using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression. Results: The study included 239 patients with MIS-C, including 61 (26%), 70 (29%), and 108 (45%) patients in the TSSL-MIS-C, KDL-MIS-C, and NS-MIS-C groups, respectively. Fifty-four percent of the patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, and 42%, 78%, and 41% received intravenous immunoglobulin, systemic glucocorticoids, and anticoagulants, respectively. Coronary artery dilatation and aneurysms were found in 5.7% and 13.2% of the patients in whom coronary artery diameter was measured, respectively. Any cause in-hospital mortality was 5.4%. Hospitalization after ten days of symptoms was associated with coronary artery abnormalities (odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-2.0). Age ≥10 years (OR: 5.6, 95% CI: 1.4-2.04), severe underlying condition (OR: 9.3, 95% CI: 2.8-31.0), platelet count <150,000â /mm3 (OR: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.2-14.7), international normalized ratio >1.2 (OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.05-13.9), and serum ferritin concentration >1,500 mg/dl at admission (OR: 52, 95% CI: 5.9-463) were risk factors for death. Discussion: Mortality in patients with MIS-C was higher than reported in other series, probably because of a high rate of cases with serious underlying diseases.
ABSTRACT
Background: The Laspeyres price index is the ratio of the current cost of a market basket of commodities or food groups relative to base period prices. Objective: To develop a nutrition-relevant version of the Laspeyres price index, using market baskets based on tertiles of the nutrient rich food (NRF9.3) nutrient density metric. Methods: Nutrient composition data for 151 foods from the 2012 Mexico national health and nutrition survey (ENSANUT) were merged with food prices and price indices from the national institute of geography and statistics (INEGI). Nutrient Rich Food Index (NRF9.3) was the measure of nutrient density. May 2012 was the base period. Nutrient rich food price index (NRFPI) values were calculated for each tertile of NRF nutrient density scores for each month between June 2011 and March 2022. Results: The market basket of foods in the top tertile of NRF nutrient density scores cost more per 100 kcal and had higher NRFPI values compared to foods in the bottom tertile. Higher NRF9.3 scores were correlated with greater monthly inflation. The NRFPI for foods in the top tertile of NRF9.3 scores was marked by seasonal price spikes, and greater volatility compared to foods in the bottom tertile. Conclusion: The present adaptation of the Laspeyres Index used market baskets defined by nutrient density tertiles instead of commodity groups. This approach allows for easier tracking of the cost of nutrient dense foods and healthful diets across geographic regions and over time. Applied to Mexico food prices prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic, the NRFPI was sensitive to time trends, seasonality, and price fluctuations. The new tool may be useful in monitoring the rising cost of healthy foods worldwide.